Use	Positive Forms 1. = Present   2. = Past   3. = Future	Negative Forms 1. = Present   2. = Past   3. = Future	You can also use:
had better recommendation	1. SHIFT TO "SHOULD" OR "OUGHT TO" People should unplug toasters before they clean them. 2. SHIFT TO "SHOULD HAVE" OR "OUGHT TO HAVE" You should have unplugged the toaster before you tried to clean it. 3. You had better unplug the toaster before you try to clean it.	1. SHIFT TO "SHOULD" OR "OUGHT TO" People shouldn't clean toasters without unplugging them first. 2. SHIFT TO "SHOULD HAVE" OR "OUGHT TO HAVE" You shouldn't have cleaned the toaster without unplugging it first. 3. You had better not clean the toaster until you unplug it.	should, ought to
had better desperate hope, warning	The movie had better end soon. They had better be here before we start dinner. Desperate hopes and warnings usually refer to the near future.	They had better not be late. They had better not forget Tom's birthday gift. Desperate hopes and warnings usually refer to the near future.

COULD

 

“could” geçmişte bir işin yapılabildiğine dair zihni ve fiziki bir yeterliliğin / kabiliyetin mevcut olduğunu ifade eder; diğer taraftan, “could not” veya “couldn’t” ise geçmişte bir eylemi yapabilmek için zihni veya fiziki kabiliyetin olmadığını ifade eder.

 

v       Edward was so excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.  

 

v       At what age could he speak?                                     

 

v       I couldn’t go out this morning because of the rain,                

v       but now I can .                                                                             

 

v       My son couldn’t visit me last week because his children were sick                             

v

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v       

 

“could” u nazik bir ifade olarak ricalarda çok sık kullanırız. Verdiği anlam geniş veya gelecek zamandır.

 

v       Could you tell me what the time is?                                    

 

v       Could I borrow your dictionary for a while?                          

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Bazen “could” u geniş ve gelecek zamanla alakalı durumlar ya da olgulara ait öneriler hakkında konuşmak için kullanırız. Bazı durumlarda can müsaade almak / vermek ya da yeterlilik ifade edici manada kullanılabilir. Bununla birlikte “could” bu durumda kesinlik bulunmadığını ya da bir seçim hakkı olduğunu ifade eder. Biz ayrıca, olması muhtemel gelecek vakalar hakkında konuşmak için “could” kullanırız.

 

v       A: What shall we do this evening?                                         

B- We could go to the cinema.                                  

 

 

v       When you go to Ankara, you could staywith my family .      

 

v       Her story could be true.  Present                                             

=It is possible that her story is true.                            

 

 

v       You could be right. 
 Present                                      

=You are probably right.

 

v       He could come to school tomorrow . Future                           

=If his parents choose to send him.

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 “could” ayrıca teklifler için de kullanılabilir.

 

v       I could do the shopping for you if you are tired.[A13]     

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Dolaylı Anlatımda, “can” in yerine kullanırız.

 

He said, “I can lend you my book for a week.

He told me that  he could  lend  me his book for a week[A14] .            

 

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Şart Cümlelerinde gerçek olmayan şimdiki-geniş zamanı belirtmek için “could” çok sık kullanılır.

 

v       If she spoke English, She could easily find a job[A15] . 

                =But she doesn’t speak English[A16]                                       

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Geçmişte yapılabilmesi mümkün olan, ancak aynı eylemin yapılması şu an için mümkün olmayan durumlar için kullanılır.

 

 

v       Only ten years ago, you could buy a house for about one million Lira in Ankara.